The Ultimate Guide to the Classic Inca Trail
Rob Langdon
4 min read
The Classic Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is one of the world’s most iconic hikes — and for good reason. It’s a 4-day, 26-mile (42 km) trek through stunning Andean landscapes, ancient Incan ruins, and cloud forests, ending with a breathtaking sunrise view at the Sun Gate (Inti Punku) overlooking Machu Picchu.
More than just a trek, it's a spiritual journey through history, culture, and nature. But before you lace up your hiking boots, there's a lot to know — from altitude sickness risks to who should reconsider attempting the trail.
In this guide, you’ll learn everything you need to prepare for an unforgettable adventure.
Quick Facts About the Classic Inca Trail
Distance: ~26 miles / 42 km
Duration: 4 days, 3 nights
Highest Point: Dead Woman’s Pass (4,215 m / 13,828 ft)
Difficulty Level: Moderate to challenging
Permit Required: Yes (highly limited — book months in advance!)
Best Time to Hike: May to September (dry season)
Trail Closure: February (for maintenance)
What Makes the Classic Inca Trail So Special?
The Inca Trail isn’t just a hike — it’s walking in the footsteps of the ancient Incas, passing archaeological sites that are only accessible on foot.
Highlights include:
Llactapata (a ruined Incan town)
Runkurakay (circular ruins)
Sayacmarca (incredible stonework)
Phuyupatamarca ("City above the clouds")
Wiñay Wayna (spectacular terraced ruins)
And of course, it culminates with entering Machu Picchu through the Sun Gate, just like the Inca did centuries ago.
Permits and Booking: What You Must Know
The Peruvian government limits Inca Trail access to 500 people per day (including guides and porters), meaning only about 200 permits are available for trekkers daily.
Important:
Permits sell out 4-6 months in advance, especially for peak season (May–August).
Only licensed tour operators can secure your permit — you cannot hike independently.
Book early and choose a reputable company that includes experienced guides, proper equipment, and ethical treatment of porters.
What to Expect: Day-by-Day Breakdown
Day 1: Easy Start
Start Point: Km 82 (Piscacucho)
Distance: ~7 miles / 11 km
Highlights: Llactapata ruins
Altitude: 2,600 m (8,530 ft)
The first day is relatively gentle, perfect for acclimatizing.
Day 2: The Hardest Day
Distance: ~10 miles / 16 km
Highlights: Dead Woman’s Pass (highest point)
Altitude: 4,215 m (13,828 ft)
This is the most challenging day, climbing steeply to Dead Woman’s Pass and descending sharply afterward. Prepare for a tough, rewarding experience!
Day 3: The Most Beautiful
Distance: ~6 miles / 10 km
Highlights: Runkurakay, Sayacmarca, Phuyupatamarca
Altitude: Around 3,600 m (11,800 ft)
Day 3 is magical — fewer steep climbs and the chance to visit several mystical Incan sites, with jaw-dropping landscapes along the way.
Day 4: Sunrise at Machu Picchu
Distance: ~3 miles / 5 km
Highlights: Wiñay Wayna, Sun Gate, Machu Picchu
Altitude: Machu Picchu at 2,430 m (7,970 ft)
Wake up early to reach the Sun Gate for first light over Machu Picchu — an unforgettable reward for your effort.
Dealing with Altitude Sickness
Altitude sickness (also called Acute Mountain Sickness - AMS) is a real concern on the Inca Trail.
Symptoms may include:
Headache
Nausea
Dizziness
Fatigue
Shortness of breath
Tips to avoid altitude sickness:
Spend at least 2–3 days in Cusco (3,400 m / 11,200 ft) before starting the trail to acclimatize.
Stay hydrated (but avoid alcohol).
Walk slowly and steadily; "pole pole" (slowly slowly) as they say in high-altitude treks.
Consider medications like Diamox after consulting your doctor.
Who Should Not Do the Classic Inca Trail?
While many people of different ages complete the trail successfully, it’s not for everyone.
You should reconsider if:
You have serious heart, lung, or joint issues.
You have unmanaged high blood pressure or respiratory problems.
You’re pregnant (consult your doctor).
You’re extremely unfit and not ready for strenuous uphill hiking at altitude.
Age limits: There's no official age limit, but children under 12 and adults over 65 should be evaluated individually based on fitness and health.
Pro tip: If you're unsure about your ability, there are alternative treks like the Salkantay Trek or Lares Trek, which are less crowded and a bit more flexible.
How to Prepare Physically for the Inca Trail
Start training at least 2-3 months before your trek:
Cardio: Running, cycling, or stair climbing to build stamina.
Strength training: Focus on legs (squats, lunges), core, and back.
Hiking practice: Go on practice hikes carrying a loaded backpack.
Altitude training: If possible, do some hikes at altitude beforehand.
Essential Packing List for the Inca Trail
Here’s what you absolutely need:
Lightweight hiking boots (broken-in!)
Moisture-wicking layers (it gets hot and cold quickly)
Rain jacket (weather can change fast)
Warm sleeping bag (rated to at least -5°C / 23°F)
Trekking poles (essential for the knees!)
Backpack with rain cover (25–35 liters recommended)
Headlamp (for early starts)
Personal medications
Eco-friendly toiletries (leave no trace!)
Passport (needed for check-ins along the trail)
Most operators offer an optional porter service to carry some of your gear (up to 7 kg / 15 lbs).
How Difficult Is the Classic Inca Trail, Really?
It’s a moderate to challenging trek, mostly due to:
The altitude
Steep ascents and descents
Long hiking days (5–10 hours daily)
You don’t need to be an athlete, but decent fitness, determination, and positive attitude are essential.
Costs: How Much Does It Cost to Hike the Inca Trail?
The cost varies depending on the operator, but expect to pay between $800–$1200 USD for a quality group tour.
Included:
Permits
Guides
Porters
Food and water
Tents and basic gear
Always check what’s included before booking!
Alternatives to the Classic Inca Trail
Couldn’t secure a permit? Or looking for a different experience? Consider these alternatives:
Salkantay Trek: Higher altitudes, stunning scenery, no permits required.
Lares Trek: More cultural encounters, fewer crowds.
Inca Jungle Trek: Adventure-focused, includes biking and rafting.
Final Tips for Hiking the Classic Inca Trail
Be flexible: Weather and conditions can change rapidly.
Respect nature and local culture: Pack out trash, follow Leave No Trace principles.
Tip porters and guides: It’s customary and appreciated.
Embrace the journey: It’s physically tough but spiritually rewarding.
Is the Inca Trail Worth It?
Absolutely.
The Classic Inca Trail is a once-in-a-lifetime journey where you’ll challenge yourself, discover ancient wonders, and finally stand in awe at Machu Picchu. With the right preparation, mindset, and respect for the trail, it’s an experience that will stay with you forever.
Ready to step into the footsteps of the ancient Incas? The adventure of a lifetime awaits. Click here for more information.